Piagets Theory of Intellectual Development

Piaget’s theory of intellectual development is widely used in the education field especially when it comes to the formation of basic guidance strategies. According to Piaget’s theory, intellectual development is based on assimilation and accommodation processes that are associated with evolutionary adaptation of species (Oakley, 2004). Piaget’s theory emphasizes the fact that intellectual development is progressive and takes place in stages.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Piaget’s Theory of Intellectual Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Age is the main determining factor of the various stages of intellectual development (Oakley, 2004). The mental abilities of children develop as they continue to grow up. According to Piaget’s theory, intellectual development of children is measured by their ability to reconstruct concepts and ideas leant in the previous stage. E ach age period has a certain reality that a child gets used to (Oakley, 2004). The practice of education has been influenced in a great way by Piaget’s theory of intellectual development. Piaget’s theory helps teachers to focus on the thinking process of children rather than the correctness of their answers (Oakley, 2004). Cognitive functioning of children helps teachers in the formation of basic guidance strategies. Piaget’s theory of intellectual development advocates for interactive learning where children are actively involved in the learning process. Teachers are therefore required to come up with a variety of activities that can enable children to interact with their physical environment. Piaget’s theory does not support premature teaching where intellectual development of children is accelerated beyond their age (Oakley, 2004). Teachers are therefore encouraged to formulate learning strategies that promote true cognitive understanding rather superf icial acceptance of concepts that are above the children’s level of intellectual development. An example of this case is where primary school pupils are taught secondary school concepts that are beyond their understanding. Piaget’s theory recognizes the fact that children have different rates of intellectual development and therefore teachers should come up with classroom activities that accommodate differences in development progress (Oakley, 2004). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and motivation theory can be applied in education and general learning processes (Mangal, 2007). According to Maslow’s theory, learning can not take place without motivation. The ability of students to retain whatever they are taught in class depends on how well they are motivated. Teachers should therefore come up with strategies that motivate students to meet their learning goals. Maslow’s theory has a significant impact on the general structure of education (Mangal, 2007) . School teachers and administrators must be guided by their students’ needs in the design of teaching programs.Advertising Looking for term paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The hierarchical order of needs should always be observed by teachers for effective design of classroom programs (Mangal, 2007). An example of this case is the relationship between food and learning. It is difficult for starving students to be motivated and this consequently affects their concentration in class. Motivating a well fed student is easy and this can be reflected in their concentration and performance. The above example clearly shows that a student with some unmet needs can not concentrate in class. In order to solve this problem, the school administration should come up with feeding programs to help those students who come to school while hungry (Mangal, 2007). This strategy is meant to make students learn effectively without thinking about food. Maslow’s theory of knowledge encourages teachers to come with programs that can help students to deal with the realities of life. There are some basic life skills that students need to be taught in order to cope with the basic realities of life (Mangal, 2007). According to this theory, students should not be trained to only absorb facts but much emphasis should be put in the entire learning process. Individual needs of students and their intellectual development should be accounted for by knowledge because of its dynamic nature (Mangal, 2007). Dewey’s theory on education calls for the integration of practical everyday occupations with intellectual activities (Dewey, 2007). According to Dewey’s theory, children are supposed to participate in activities out of schools for them to develop a culture of self-reliance as they grow up. This theory suggests that children should not in any way be denied an opportunity to participate in the a vailable occupations for them to develop a sense of action and judgment (Dewey, 2007). The social needs of a community are very instrumental in governing the conduct and behavior of pupils. This theory helps teachers to come up with guidance strategies that cater for the social needs of students. According to this theory, teachers should not act like task-masters but should play an instrumental role in ensuring that their students have a desire for knowledge through inspiration (Dewey, 2007). Intellectual development of pupils can only take place through spiritual, mental, physical and social development. According to Dewey’s theory, intellectual development of children depends on their interest and how they balance their school life and life out of school (Dewey, 2007). Extra-curricular activities such as music can be developed if a child is nurtured at school and out of school (Dewey, 2007). This is a perfect example of how experience can be blended with intellectual activi ties to produce a complete graduate. Children must have the support and affection of parents and teachers in order to have an interest in developing their talents.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Piaget’s Theory of Intellectual Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The three education theories that have been discussed in this paper are very useful when it comes to education reforms. The theories influence curriculum design and instruction techniques in learning institutions. The discussion has provided a new insight in understanding the meaning and importance of the three education theories. References Dewey, J. (2007). Experience and education. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster. Mangal, S. (2007). Essentials of educational psychology. New York, NY: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. Oakley, L. (2004). Cognitive development. New York, NY: Routledge. This term paper on Piaget’s Theory of Intellectual Development was written and submitted by user Lucy Hawkins to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Definition and Examples of Paralinguistics

Definition and Examples of Paralinguistics Up to 90 percent of communication is nonverbal. Getting ones message across is made easier through voice inflection, facial expression and body gestures. Paralinguistics is the study of these vocal (and sometimes non-vocal) signals beyond the basic verbal message or speech, also known as vocalics. Paralinguistics, Shirley Weitz explains sets great store on how something is said, not on what is said. What It Is Paralanguage  includes accent, pitch, volume, speech rate, modulation,  and fluency. Some researchers also include  certain non-vocal  phenomena  under the heading of paralanguage:  facial expressions, eye movements,  hand gestures, and the like. The boundaries of paralanguage, says Peter Matthews, are (unavoidably) imprecise. Although paralinguistics was once described as the neglected stepchild in language studies, linguists  and other researchers  have recently demonstrated greater interest in the field.  Ã‚   The rise in recent decades of non-face-to-face communication through email, text messaging, and social media led to the use of emoticons as a substitute for paralanguage. Etymology From Greek and Latin, beside language Cultural Differences Not all cultures interpret these nonverbal cues the same way, which can cause confusion when people of different backgrounds are trying to communicate. In Saudi Arabia, speaking loudly conveys authority and speaking softly conveys submission. Americans, on the other hand, are often perceived as brash for their loudness by Europeans. The Finnish language is spoken more slowly than other European languages, leading to a perception that the Finnish people themselves are slow. Some people have a similar perception of the Southern drawl accent in the United States. Examples and Observations We speak with our vocal organs, but we converse with our entire bodies. ... Paralinguistic phenomena occur alongside spoken language, interact with it, and produce together with it a total system of communication. . . . The study of paralinguistic behavior is part of the study of conversation: the conversational use of spoken language cannot be properly understood unless paralinguistic elements are taken into account.- David Abercrombie Paralinguistics is commonly referred to as that which is left after subtracting the verbal content from speech. The simple cliche, language is what is said, paralanguage is how it is said, can be misleading because frequently how something is said determines the precise meaning of what is said.- Owen Hargie, Christine Saunders, and David Dickson Loudness in Different CulturesA simple example of the adverse effects of paralinguistics is quoted in [Edward T.] Hall concerning the loudness with which one speaks (1976b). In Saudi Arabian cultures, in discussions among equals, the men attain a decibel level that would be considered aggressive, objectionable and obnoxious in the United States. Loudness connotes strength and sincerity among Arabs; a soft tone implies weakness and deviousness. Personal status also modulates voice tone. Lower classes lower their voices. Thus, if a Saudi Arab shows respect to an American he lowers his voice. Americans ask people to talk more loudly by raising their own voices. The Arab then has his status confirmed and thus talks even more quietly. Both are misreading the cues!- Colin Lago Vocal and Nonvocal PhenomenaThe more technical discussion of what is loosely described as tone of voice involves the recognition of a whole set of variations in the features of voice dynamics: loudness, tempo, pitch fluctuation, continuity, etc. . ... It is a matter of everyday observation that a speaker will tend to speak more loudly and at an unusually high pitch when he is excited or angry (or, in certain situations, when he is merely simulating anger and thus, for whatever purpose, deliberately communicating false information). ... Among the most obvious non-vocal phenomena classifiable as paralinguistic, and having a modulating, as well as punctuating, function is the nodding of the head (in certain cultures) with or without an accompanying utterance indicative of assent or agreement. ... One general point that has been continually stressed in the literature is that both the vocal and non-vocal phenomena are to a considerable extent learned rather than instinctive and differ fro m language to language (or, perhaps one should say, from culture to culture).- John Lyons Detecting Sarcasm Based on Paralinguistic CuesThere was nothing very interesting in Katherine Rankins study of sarcasm- at least, nothing worth your important time. All she did was use an M.R.I. to find the place in the brain where the ability to detect sarcasm resides. But then, you probably already knew it was in the right  parahippocampal gyrus. ...Dr. Rankin, a neuropsychologist and assistant professor in the Memory and Aging Center at the University of California, San Francisco, used an innovative test developed in 2002, the Awareness of Social Inference Test, or Tasit. It incorporates videotaped examples of exchanges in which a person’s words seem straightforward enough on paper, but are delivered in a sarcastic style so ridiculously obvious to the able-brained that they seem lifted from a sitcom.I was testing people’s ability to detect sarcasm based entirely on paralinguistic cues, the manner of expression, Dr. Rankin said. ...To her surprise, ...  the magnet ic resonance scans revealed that the part of the brain lost among those who failed to perceive sarcasm was not in the left hemisphere of the brain, which specializes in language and social interactions, but in a part of the right hemisphere previously identified as important only to detecting contextual background changes in visual tests.The right parahippocampal gyrus must be involved in detecting more than just  visual context- it perceives social context as well, Dr. Rankin said.- Dan Hurley Sources Khalifa, Elsadig Mohamed, and Faddal, Habib. Impacts of Using Paralanguage on Teaching and Learning English Language to Convey Effective Meaning. Studies in English Language Teaching, 2017. file:///Users/owner/Downloads/934-2124-1-SM.pdfIntra-personal Communication http://faculty.seattlecentral.edu/baron/Spring_courses/ITP165_files/paralinguistics.htmEmoticons and Symbols Arent Ruining Language – Theyre Revolutionizing It, Lauren Collister - https://theconversation.com/emoticons-and-symbols-arent-ruining-language-theyre-revolutionizing-it-38408Weitz, Shirley. Nonverbal Communication. Oxford University Press, 1974, Oxford.  Matthews, Peter. Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics. Oxford University Press, 2007, Oxford.Abercrombie, David. Elements of General Phonetics. Edinburgh University Press,1968, Edinburgh.Hargie, Owen; Saunders, Christine and Dickson, David.  Social Skills in Interpersonal Communication, 3rd ed. Routledge, 1994, London.Lago, Colin.  Race, Culture an d Counselling 2nd ed. Open University Press, 2006, Berkshire, England. Lyons, John. Semantics, Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press, 1977, Cambridge.Hurley, Dan. The Science of Sarcasm (Not That You Care). The New York Times, June 3, 2008.

Patient education and prevention Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Patient education and prevention - Essay Example One of the important strategies for prevention of acute exacerbations in a COPD patient like James is regular physiotherapy. It is very important for the nurse to educate the patient about the importance of physiotherapy because; education enhances active participation in health care, increases coping skills, enhances the understanding of the disease, assists in self-management and increases adherence to treatment plan (Neish and Hopp, 1988). According to the NICE guidelines (2004), physiotherapy must be instituted to reduce work of breathing associated with COPD, to restore the maximum function of the patient and to improve respiratory and peripheral muscle weakness. There are many techniques in physiotherapy which help to manage breathlessness. Positioning of body, control of breathing, chest clearance, exercise training and chest physiotherapy are some of the methods which are commonly employed to reduce breathlessness in COPD patients. Breathing control techniques also help the p atient cope with breathlessness. Adaptation of certain positions decreases oxygen consumption of the body and also increases ventilation-perfusion of the lungs, thus decreasing breathlessness. Patients must be advised to choose a position that makes them feel comfortable. While adopting such a position, the arms must be relaxed and supported.

Failures of Banks in UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Failures of Banks in UK - Essay Example The scope of the project is to explore and understand various issues related to short term bonus culture, UK banking sector with respect to current economic conditions. This will also help in understanding the drawbacks and benefits of the short term programmes. There are various limitations of this study. These limitation ranges from the availability of adequate resources like human, time and finance to the availability of required information and data. Data required for the software gaming industry is difficult to obtain due to complex and unorganised industry structure. The second chapter covers literature review and contains compilations and analysis of previously conducted research studies and other publications having direct or indirect relevance with the present research. The conceptual framework and research gaps will be discussed in this chapter. This chapter provides methodological and procedural presentation of research process and provides research design. The research comprise of qualitative and quantitative methods. The primary data of the research will be collected from the customers using the products and professionals working in the online gaming sector. The self -administered questionnaires will be used for data collection process. The secondary research will be based on information available on various secondary resources. Chapter 4 This chapter is the presentation of all the findings and analysis of the data collected. Chapter 5 This chapter provides conclusion and research implications on the basis of the findings from

Analysis Of the Articles about the Mission Of Linkedin Research Paper

Analysis Of the Articles about the Mission Of Linkedin - Research Paper Example â€Å"A contract is an enforceable agreement between two (or more) people where one person offers to do something and another person accepts that offer,† (http://www.paralegaladvice.org.za/docs/chap12/02.html). On the other hand, Koffman & McDonald (2007:1) also define a contract as, â€Å"a legally enforceable agreement giving rise to obligations for parties involved.† In simple terms, it can be said that if you and another person have agreed to do something for each whereby the other party promises to pay in return, then you will have made a contract. It can be noted that a contract can be in verbal or written form but the most important thing is that there would be an agreement to perform duties especially between the two parties involved. From the above definitions, it is abundantly clear that by virtue of creating a profile on the LinkedIn website, one would have entered into an agreement which constitutes a valid and legally enforceable contract. The one who creates a profile, in this case, is referred to as the User and the moment he creates an account, he agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of using the service. The User thus becomes obliged to meet certain conditions such as giving due respect to applicable laws such as privacy and copyright laws, obliged to ensure service eligibility as well as payments among other duties to be observed by the user. It is also clearly indicated in the agreement states that if one does not to be legally bound by using the LinkedIn service, then he must not create a profile. It can be noted that by any standard, these statements constitute a contract where the one about agreement clearly spells the binding terms while the other one about privacy states the expected cond itions of usage of the service.  

Male And Female Gender Roles

Male And Female Gender Roles Throughout history, people who are born as men are granted access to power, position and resources (Masculinities). Cultural norms of gender roles are taught to children by their family, peer group, and community (Masculinities). Based on sufficient research, this review of literature will first focus on the historical facts about how womens status is undermined by inequality and persecution because they were deemed as inferior biological beings (Inferiority). Subsequently, the review will also answer the question of whether women in the present have successfully achieved their rights and gender roles in society completely. At a surface level, womens rights have largely been won (Gaag 146), because more women are working, more girls are being educated (Gaag 146). However, this paper will also investigate how women today continue to experience discriminations and inequality as more than half a million die unnecessarily each year from the complications of pregnancy and childbirth (Gaag 146). Lastly, the final part of this literature review will examine how women have broken free from the gender stereotypes to achieve power in terms of work and family and its effects on men and society (Marshall). A. Historical facts about the Male and Female roles Beyond the physical differences between men and women and their different reproductive functions are separate sets of socially-determined behavioral norms and performance standards attached to each gender (Thomas). However, during the era of Greek Philosopher Aristotle, Womens status was very low (inferiority). According to Aristotle, the primary function of women was to carrying on the family tree, and tending the family hearth (inferiority). The reproduction of children, especially sons (inferiority), was the main purpose of women, and all of the mens social activities were off-limits to her (inferiority). In Aristotles theory of genetics, he proposed that children were made by something he called the substance, which was found in women, and the form, which came from men (Genetics). According to his theory, Aristotle suggested that the form and the substance did not mix together but the form had a magical influence on the substance (Genetics) In other words, the man supplies the su bstance of a human being, and the women is only the nourishment (Inferiority). From Aristotles point of view, it is only men who are complete human beings and can hope for ultimate fulfillment; the best a women can hope for is to become a man (Inferiority) However, Aristotles teacher, Plato, thought differently about women (Plato). Plato believed that women had a significant role to play in society, and he thought women were necessary for society to run smoothly (Plato). According to Plato, even though he believed that females were required to function in a working society, he continue to hold the position that women were no where close to equal to men (Plato) On the other hand, Plato realized that men may have been stronger then women physically but women had strengths that were far superior in other areas (Plato) For example, he believed that women are naturally maternal and these maternal skills made them better care takers for children (Plato). Similarly to Aristotles radical vi ew on women, French military leader Napoleon Bonaparte thought, women were made for men, and men for country, family, glory, and honor (Napoleon). In the 1800s, the idea of female equality received a setback in a series of laws known as the Napoleonic Code (Napoleonic). According to the Napoleonic Code, married women in particular owed their husband obedience, and were forbidden from selling, giving, mortgaging or buying property (Napoleonic). As time progress from the Ancient Greeks to the early stages of the last century, men continued to be regarded as the persons in charge of their families (Thomas). According to census, males were considered to be the head of the household by family members, and the power within the household was completely dominated by the male figure (Thomas) and other family members were defined by their relationship to the household head (Thomas). According to experts, womens responsibility of bearing children continued until the early part of the last century (Thomas). In 1941, over 83% of 15 years old or over had birthed a child and one in five had given birth to six or more (Thomas). Womens fertility continued to be disregarded by the society, and their prominent roles (Thomas) of giving birth and raise children within a male-headed family (Thomas) was unchanged. B. Present womens success and failure at achieving the rights and power According to experts, womens rights, in theory at least, are well established (Gaag 11) and women themselves are more aware of their rights (Gaag 11). However, even though the matter of gender equality between male and females has firmly been placed on the global agenda, we cannot hide the fact that for millions of women life is still very grim (Gaag 11). Although women are having fewer children, that is 50 per cent of women now have access to modern contraceptives (Gaag 11), over half a million women continue to die each year from pregnancy and childbirth related causes (rights). Researcher found that accounted for 41 percent of all births nationwide between 1993 and 2006 (Pittman), there are 62 percent of pregnancy-related deaths (Pittman). Despite the international agreement on womens rights, the denial of womens basic human rights is persistent and widespread (Rights). Like mentioned above, becoming a mother is still a dangerous business (Gaag 26). On the economic scheme of things, during the 20th century, the proportion of married women working for pay increased more than tenfold from less than 5 percent in 1890 to more than 60 percent in 1990 (Mundy 33). The proportion of women ages 25 to 54 who are working or looking for work stands at 75 percent, up from 35 percent in 1950s (Muddy 38) Even though women have expanded their work hours, battled discrimination, and improved their credentials at precisely the time when the rewards for these are greater than ever (Muddy 38), Poverty rates are higher for women than men (Cawthorne). In 2007,13.8 percent of females were poor compared to 11.1 percent of men (Cawthorne). It was also proven by experts that women are poorer than men in all ethic groups (Cawthorne). According to collected data, the trend that men are wealthier than women is very apparent (Cawthorne). This again ties to the fact that, despite some progress in womens wages in the 1990s, women still earn less than men, even for similar kinds of work (rights). Lastly, there is no doubt that more girls are being educated the gap between boys and girls enrollments has narrowed (Gaag 11). Women have improved their credentials precisely the time when the economy craves their skills and schooling (Muddy 53). By becoming well educated, women have raised the chances that they will be employed, and they qualify for much better job than they could have expected 30 or 40 years ago (Muddy 51). According to experts, education is a key reason why womens earnings have risen and why in recent recessions, the unemployment rate for women has been lower than the rate for men (Muddy 51). Through womens persistency, women have improved their prospects more than they realize (Muddy 51). C. The drastic change in gender roles and its effects on both genders While the stereotype of the male breadwinner is still alive in many peoples minds, experts say the reality is that a growing number of women are earning as much, if not more than, their husbands (Linn). In a matter of decades, the traditional male breadwinner model has given way to one where women routinely support households and outearn the men they are married to (Muddy 5). Not that long ago, in 1970, percentage of wives who outearned their husbands was in the low single digits (Mundy 6). The dramatic increases of women earners have altered the way male and female see each other (Mundy 7). Ironically, experts estimate that there are currently about 2 million working women whose husbands are unemployed and looking for work (Linn). The effect of the gender roles shift is most apparent in the male than the female (Muddy 14). In journalism and feminist literature of the 1980s and 1990s (Muddy14), experts found that men tend to resist womens rising economic power, even retaliate against it (Muddy 14). Similarly, one of the other reactions of men towards womens earnings is that men can quit, give up and stop trying (Muddy 14). For all the arguments about women opting-out when they have children, todays mothers- particularly educated ones- are overwhelmingly likely to be employed (Muddy 38). The roles of men and women seems to have shifted, and the earning power of wives compared to husbands has risen, steadily and strongly (Muddy 39). On the other hand, the rate of participation in housework labor increased steadily for men, while the rate for women remained the same (Marshall). Among married men with children, the participation rate rose from 54% to 71%. Furthermore, while the presence of a wife lessened mens involvement in housework in 1986 (single men had a participation rate of 61%, and married men 53%), 2005 saw roughly 7 in 10 married men, both with and without children, participating in housework (Marshall). According to data on men and women rate of participation in housework, married men with children spending significantly more time on housework, and married women spending significantly less (Marshall). Whereas women, The number of hours worked has risen (Muddy 39), and women are much more likely to be working full-time, year-round, than they were 40 years ago (Muddy 39). Experts predict, in the coming years, many women will feel pleased being the familys high earner. They husband will like it too (Muddy 140). Series of surveys shown that, men and women are both less likely to say that men should earn the money and women should take care of the children in todays society (Muddy 63). According to the gradual shift in gender roles responsibilities, its safe to say that womens earning power and the vitality and success signals (Muddy 15), will lead to a genuine breakthrough in the relationship between the sexes (Muddy 15). Conclusion: In conclusion, women came a long way in achieving their rights and ideal roles in society. Based on historical facts about male and female roles, females are the majority of humanity but are everywhere victims of systematic discrimination, oppression and sexual abuse (Oppression). Through their tenacity, women thrived as powerful individuals and economically and socially bypass men. However, according to data, womens gains have been made under threat (Gaag 11), and many continued to suffer from unfavorable conditions such as poverty, childbirth complications, and workplace discrimination. Despite these persistent disadvantages of the female sex, within a generation, more households will be supported by women than by men (Muddy 78). A revolution is under way (Muddy 65).

In Love With Shakespeare :: Poetry Literature Papers

In Love With Shakespeare "About any one so great as Shakespeare, it is probable that we can never be right; and if we can never be right, it is better that we should from time to time change our way of being wrong." --T. S. Eliot (Eliot 107) Like all great artists, William Shakespeare is thoroughly conscious of his medium. His plays consistently call attention to the theatrical. "With Shakespeare the actable and the theatrical are always what come first" (Frye 5). In fact, the metaphor of performance is central to the Shakespearean canon. "When we are born we cry that we are come To this great stage of fools," Lear declares to Gloucester (IV.vi. 178-179). "All the world’s a stage, And all the men and women merely players; They have their exits and their entrances, And one man in his time plays many parts" (As You Like It, II.vii. 139-142). This self-referentiality reflects a concern that the audience not be passive in its participation, and that the boundaries of the theatrical experience not be restricted to the stage. Shakespeare layers connotations and meanings into his plays that reward the self-conscious auditor. Though much of our modern entertainment seeks to make the auditor oblivious of the medium, Shakespeare’s plays demand a sophisticated self-consciousness on the audience’s part. Part of the pleasure of viewing a Shakespearean play such as A Midsummer Night’s Dream is in recognizing the irony of its self-contained mini-dramas. In the "Pyramus and Thisbe" scene, Shakespeare satirizes theatrical convention. At the same time, however, he satirizes the naivetà © of the audience that doubts the transforming power of the imagination. As Shakespeare continually points out, the acts of performing and viewing are not confined to the theatre. Life reflects the theatre just as the theatre reflects life. Furthermore, when taken seriously, great theatre can change its audience. For this reason, Shakespeare seeks to make viewing a conscious act. The full benefit of the theatrical experience is felt only when the auditor recognizes his role. Clearly, in Shakespeare’s view, life is very much like a play. For one thing, all human beings are actors, or as Hegel says, "free artists of themselves" (Bloom 6). As "real" as we perceive ourselves to be, Shakespeare’s great characters demonstrate that personal identity is an assumed role, a fabrication. We are all playing characters. When the mad and weather-beaten King Lear declares himself "every inch a king," his exclamation is a melancholy reminder that power and authority are based upon image and ceremony.

Ore-Best Farms

Our mission at Ore-Best Farms is to offer our customers a very nutritious, healthful, and tasteful rabbit meat, at an affordable price for everyone. Vision Our vision is to be the leader in the marketing of rabbit meat in the U. S. and Latin America, considerably improving the quality of life of our customers. Objectives The three main objectives of the company for the next five years are doubling the company's profitability, obtaining a market share between 10 and 15 percent of the U. S. market, and to expand the business to Latin America. Target Market According to Oni(2007), rabbit meat is high quality, high digestibility, with 21. % protein; 3 -5% fat, highly nutritious, and low cholesterol. Therefore, the main target market would be children, sick people, elderly, and health-conscious consumers. According to a study by Lloyd-ones(2009), in the United States almost 700,000 people die from cardiovascular diseases every year, becoming the leading cause of death in U. S. In 2006, the study estimated that heart diseases would cost Americans more than 258,000 million dollars. The study also revealed that the risk of cardiovascular disease can be reduced making changes in habits, playing an important role the low consume of cholesterol. All data presented shows that in the United States there is an urgent need to eat healthful and nutritious food, mainly low-cholesterol. Thus, the company will launch a marketing strategy to encourage the consumption of rabbit meat in the U. S. , which offers customers a combination hard to find, high protein, low in fat and cholesterol, as well as unbeatable prices. To implement the strategy the company will invest in educational commercials, using radio, internet, and television. The educational commercials will show a celebrity explaining the large nutritional value of rabbit meat, as well as its low price. This celebrity must be a person well known in the United States, and with an athletic body. The main objective of the campaign will raise awareness among consumers of the dangers of poor food, and show consumers that rabbit meat is an excellent alternative for healthy eating. Another market with great potential is hospitals. Rabbit meat would be a big business for hospitals, as it offers patients an excellent nutritive meat, saving hospitals a great deal of money. Finally, the company will take the appropriate steps to do business in Latin American countries, which would benefit from the quality and low prices of the rabbit meat. Marketing Mix The company will use a new package design. The new design will have on the label a new slogan, â€Å"Rabbit meat improves your health and your palate. † The packages will be transparent, with nutritional information labels. The package also will be designed with a green label, which will have recorded the following words on it: â€Å"Meat recommended by nutritionists and dietitians† The aim of this new design will be attract the largest number of customers interested in their health care and the health of their family. Furthermore, the company will use a low-price strategy in order to get market share quickly. Once the company achieves a larger market, then the price would increase from 5 to 8%. On the other hand, the company will launch a major advertising campaign to educate consumers about the benefits of eating healthy. The company will supply meat to several supermarkets located in different parts of the country, such as Wal- Mart, Publix, and Sweetbay; thus, rabbit meat will be available to a larger number of people.

Antony and Cleopatra and the poetry of John Donne Essays

Antony and Cleopatra and the poetry of John Donne Essays Antony and Cleopatra and the poetry of John Donne Paper Antony and Cleopatra and the poetry of John Donne Paper Essay Topic: Donne Poems Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra presents a variety of representations of love, including transcendent and forbidden love. Throughout, Shakespeare expresses an unsurpassed love between them. However through both of their actions, the dramatist creates doubt in the audience’s mind as to whether this love is genuine. Similarly to Shakespeare, John Donne’s poem ‘A Valediction Forbidding Mourning’, explores the idea of transcendental love through separation. In Antony and Cleopatra, Act One, Scene One, Shakespeare introduces us to the protagonists before they appear in the play; here Philo presents the theme of love and politics in his speech, ‘His captain’s heart†¦A gypsy’s lust’. The use of ‘captain’ and ‘gypsy’ denotes the opposites between the two individuals, just how their countries divide the two. ‘Gypsy’ is seen as a derogatory term to brand an individual who does not originate from Rome, almost like an outsider. Here already Shakespeare presents forbidden love. In the play, the countries act as metaphors to love, Rome the political and cultural, and Egypt: sexuality and power, thus to why Cleopatra is referred to Egypt in the play by Antony. The motif of love is automatically introduced with Cleopatra demanding Antony to declare his love to her. The audience is able to establish the relationship Antony and Cleopatra share, with Cleopatra expecting a declaration of affection. ‘If it be love indeed, tell me how much. ’ The use of ‘if’ can depict the doubt Cleopatra has, the uncertainty of whether his love is real or not. Antony’s response suggests that love that can be ‘reckoned’ is not a worthy love, such to why he also responds that if their love could be measured it would be beyond earth and heaven ‘ Then must thou needs find out new heaven, new earth’ . For transcendental lovers they believe their love exceeds the norm. The extravagant language used by Shakespeare to profess their feelings, suggests they believe their love is like no other. Like John Donne, Antony views the love they share spiritual rather than physical. A Valediction of Forbidding Mourning, John Donne illustrates how love can transcend mundane love, through a conceit. A poem written for his wife, he explaining that their separation shouldn’t be an occasion for mourning but almost a celebration of the love they shared and still do. Donne uses metaphors to morph an image in the readers mind, using gold and the earth as a metaphor for love, like Shakespeare who uses Rome and Egypt to symbolise love and politics. John Donne compares their love to the most unlikely examples; the first stanza speaks on how his significant other must accept his leaving like one must accept death. ‘As virtuous men pass mildly away, and whisper to their souls to go ’, Donne is expressing that when men pass away they do not complain nor do they make noise, just like them separating they shouldn’t complain, the use of ‘virtuous’ can connote that their love is righteous and good, like soldiers. Comparing their love to virtuous men, introduces the reader on how much Donne views that his love is superior to all other. John Donne’s metaphysical language is emphasised through his comparisons and points, ‘Twere profanation of our joys to tell the laity our love’, Donne makes a clear division between ordinary lovers and lovers that are beyond ordinary. As by expressing their emotions to the ‘laity’ will devalue any joys they share, if they tell the ‘others’ it would be a profane act, as the love they share is sacred. Donne emphasises that due to the strength of their love, other lovers become fearful when distance separates them, much greater distance than the cracks in the earth after a quake ‘Moving of th’ earth brings harms and fears’, but just like separation can cause fear for ‘normal’ lovers as their love is superior, the moving of planets (when an earthquake occurs) is ‘innocent’ to their love. Their love cannot be disrupted due to separation; they should not be feared by the separation. The fourth stanza concentrates on how different their love is, ‘Dull sublunary lovers’ love whose soul is sense-cannot admit’. With love that is sublunary, physical proximity and attractiveness form the basis of their love, for why Donne says ‘care less, eyes, lips and hands to miss’ telling his wife that these things shouldn’t matter if they cannot touch and see each other, their love is far from being physical but is spiritual, as their love is not like the norm, it’s in the mind. The love that Donne and his wife share is spiritual and no matter how far they part their love is ‘inter-assured of the mind’. For mundane love, lovers’ will use sayings such as ‘I love you to the moon and back’, why Donne may refer to their love as sublunary, transcendent love see their love stretching a further distance than the moon. Donne furthers the idea that their love transcends normal love by explaining to his wife they are connected through the soul, ‘Our two souls therefore, which are one’ wherever one goes the other one will follow unknowingly. He expresses their separation should be seen positively, an expansion of their distance, like gold expanded and beaten into ‘aery thinness’, when gold is stretched it does not break, such like their love and connection shouldn’t break when one moves away. This leads John Donne to describe their souls like a pair of compasses, when one foot moves the other bends, when you bring the other foot in, the other straightens up. In this case his wife is the ‘fix’d foot’ that sits in the centre, Donne departing, the fixed foot leans towards the bent foot and ‘hearkens’ after it. His wife is seen as the stability for him, if she is not in the centre of his ‘universe’ then he is not complete, ‘thy firmness makes my circle just, And makes me end where I begun’ . He ends on a positive note, citing that the separation will lead to his return, as the circle the compass draws will lead him back to her. This metaphor symbolises the unity of the two and that throughout their separation they will forever be connected. Over the centuries, many have criticised John Donne’s metaphysical poems and metaphorical language like ones used in ‘A Valediction Forbidding Mourning’ as being outrageous and too unlikely, to which other people love the idea of the outrageousness and unlikeliest. From gathering sources, one question that arises is that because Donne believes his love is above everyone else’s version, by comparing it to supreme things, is it considered real love or make belief. Through researching how people define their love as transcendent, I came across a quote ‘If we want real, transcendental love, we have to transfer our love to the supreme lovable object’[1]. This relates to the poem, as Donne compares himself to a ‘lovable’ and precious metal, gold. In order for those to achieve the admirable love they must first believe that they are something someone admires. Samuel Johnson pinned the term ‘metaphysical’ to describe John Donne’s style of writing, the use of their cleverness to construct outlandish paradoxes. Aspired by this type of writing poets such as Eliot and Yeats used this to form a basis in some of their own poems, Eliot stated that Donne and Metaphysical poets like him wrote poems that celebrated through emotions the joys, sorrows and dilemmas. Other critics such as Robert Dowling also praised Donne’s style of poetry, In conclusion, Shakespeare and Donne present love through literary devices such as metaphors and the use of extravagant language. Donne’s poem can also be viewed as contradicting to his actions, expressing that they are one soul and she is his stability, yet he is leaving her, the one who makes her complete. This is reflected in Antony and Cleopatra, Shakespeare portrays their transcendent love, but eventually Antony marries another woman. Both the dramatist and the poet create a sense of doubt, to whether or not all of this was genuine at all, if at the end all they are doing is separating. Both Donne and Shakespeare use metaphysical structure and language to present the love. Although Shakespeare was before Donned time, there is a link between the two styles of writing.

The Devil in the White City Essays - Worlds Columbian Exposition

The Devil in the White City Essays - Worlds Columbian Exposition The Devil in the White City A White City, also known as the 1893 World's Exposition arose in a blossoming part of America, known as Chicago. Many people were afraid the Exposition would be no better than a county fair, because they believed that Chicago was an uncultured city. This beautifully temporary metropolis wrested from the Swamps of Jackson Park, Chicago. It was named ?The White City? celebrating Columbus' discovery of America. The architect firm of Daniel Burnham and John Root was given the task of creating the Exposition grounds. They encountered two major problems: the location and the design of the Exposition. It seemed to be an impossible task. As soon as one challenge was met, three more would arise. They faced many challenges in creating a replica Eiffel Tower and the continued possibility of strikes from the workers of various committees. Everything was always behind schedule. The architects from New York, Boston, Chicago and St Louis stepped up to the challenge. The workers felt the patriotic spirit and worked hard to complete the job. Burnham and his crew partially completed the exposition grounds for the Dedication Ceremony. Rallying against harsh weather, red tape, ill heath and death, the crew made Opening Day a reality. On Opening Day, the team still had a few tasks left to accomplish. The Ferris wheel, America's response to the 264-foot high Eiffel Tower, opened 51 days late. With determination to outdo the World?s Fair in Paris, bills stacked up. Maintenance continued for the first six months that the fair was open. With many unemployed, the fair provided temporary relief for many poor families. The arrival of novelties like zippers, Cracker Jacks and Chicago's first glimpse of a belly dancer brought excitement to many. Despite all the good, there was evil with Dr. Henry Holmes as he had his own master plan for ?The Castle? at the corner of 63rd and Wallace. He was a young, handsome sociopath trained in medicine, with a taste for torture and murder. Dr. Holmes was a master at manipulating both people and paper work. In the process of building, he would inspect and always find fault in the quality of work. This aggravation allowed flows of workers in and out, so each worker would not see the building?s entirety. No one understood what his ultimate plan was to lure young women into horrifying traps to satisfy his demonic desires. The innocent women had just moved to Chicago to find jobs and move out from under the watchful eyes of their family. They were persuaded to stay at the World?s Fair Hotel, so he could perform his evil tasks. Many were never seen again. The hotel was a bleak and ugly building. Within there were trap doors, secret passages, and a wooden slide that descended to an iron vault in the basement. The vault was used to incinerate all evidence of his horrific deeds. Dr. Holmes would seduce women before and then kill them and their children. He continued this hobby until the closing of the Exposition. It was approximated that almost 200 men, women and children were tortured and killed. However, the courts could only prove nine actual killings. Many would say this murder madness changed America.

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Internal and External Factors of Labour Market - Essay Example Labour market of Europe is suffering for aging workforce issues. Study suggests that there will be 4% hike in aging population within next eight years (Krenn and Oehlke, 2001). Companies are aware of the fact but they do not have much choice left due to following reasons: The world is going through one of the most turbulent financial period in the history of mankind. Companies are struggling due sluggish growth rate and low return on investment. They are not ready to invest money on recruiting new staff and designing training & development. Companies like P&G use â€Å"Build from within† strategy in order to give new job responsibility to existing employees without hiring external candidates. Many companies use â€Å"Build from within† strategy in order to reduce cost of developing untrained and fresh human resource pool. In 1993, Polachek and Siebert proposed Human Capital theory in order to address aging population issue (Polachek and Siebert, 1993, pp. 23-67). They h ave pointed out that life can be segregated into two phases. In the first phase young people develop human capital in terms of skill, knowledge and education while in the second phase they earn employment on the basis of developed human capital. The study suggests that substandard aging population has less human capital in comparison to talented young human resource. Human capital decreases due to aging. Labour market is heterogeneous because employers can never forecast accurately future productivity of particular employee.

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